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REPUBLICAN PERIOD

The Middle Republic

(274-146 BC)

Gallic Oppidum

Pyrrhic Wars
(280-275 BC)

Punic Wars
(264-146 BC)

Founding of Italica
Ruta Vía de la Plata (Spain)

Founding of colony
Aquileia (Italy)

Macedonian War

The Late Roman Republic

(146-27 BC) 

Lusitanian War
(155-139 BC)

Vía Annia was built
Aquileia (Italy)

Vía Postumia was built
Aquileia (Italy)

Decimus Junius Brutus's Expedition
(138-136 BC) - Braga (Portugal) 

Became a municipality
Aquileia (Italy) 

First Civil War. Sila’s victory
(88-81 BC)

Revolt of the Batavi. Remarkable development of the vicus
(70-69 BC) - Alesia (France)

Gallic Wars
(58-50 BC)

Cesar chose Aquileia as his winter base during the campaigns to conquer Gaul. The proconsul also returned to stay in the upper Adriatic city in the following years

Siege. Julius Caesar’s victory over Vercingetorix
Alesia (France)

Creation of Gallia Belgica
Arlon (Belgium)

Second Civil War. Julius Caesar's victory
(49-45 BC)

Julius Caesar’s assassination

Third Civil War. Mark Antony, Octavian and Lepidus’s victory
(43-42 BC)

Augustus's campaign against the Pannonian tribes
(35-33 BC) - Sremska Mitrovica (Serbia)
Transformation into Gallo-Roman city
Alesia (France)
Mérida, capital of Lusitania
Ruta Vía de la Plata (Spain)

Fourth Civil War.  Octavian's victory
(32-30 BC)

HIGH ROMAN EMPIRE

Julio-Claudian Dynasty

(27 BC - 68 AD)

Cantabrian and Asturian Wars
(29-19 BC)

Camp of the Legio VI Victrix in León
Ruta Vía de la Plata (Spain)

Octavian proclaimed Augustus Caesar

Founding of Mérida
Ruta Vía de la Plata (Spain)

Gallia Belgica Province. Founding of Orolaunum Vicus, dependent on Civitas Treverorum
Arlon (Belgium)

Founding
Braga (Portugal)

Camp of the Legio X Gemina in Astorga
Ruta Vía de la Plata (Spain)

Tiberius conquers the east of Pannonia
(13-9 BC) - Sremska Mitrovica (Serbia)
Large urban expansion. Construction of the Vía Nova XVIII
Braga (Portugal)
Golden Age of Italica
Ruta Vía de la Plata (Spain)
First settlements in Gijón
Ruta Vía de la Plata (Spain)

First Milestones.  Settlement and growth of the city
(12-11 BC) - Braga (Portugal)

Roman conquest of Britain

Flavian Dynasty

(69-96 AD) 

Emperor Vespasian

Siege of Jerusalem

Legio VII Gemina settled in León
Ruta Vía de la Plata (Spain)
New buildings
Braga (Portugal)
Major development of the Route
Ruta Vía de la Plata (Spain)

Antonine Dynasty

(96-192 AD)

Emperor Trajan

Dacian Wars
(101-106 AD)

Capital of Lower Pannonia
Sremska Mitrovica (Serbia)
Germanic incursions. Fortification of the vicus
Arlon (Belgium)
Route repairs
Braga (Portugal)
Mérida, capital of the Hispania diocese
Ruta Vía de la Plata (Spain)

Conquest of Mesopotamia and Assyria. Maximum territorial expansion of the empire 

Severan Dynasty and the third-century crisis

(193-284 AD)

Emperor Septimius Severus

Constitutio Antoniniana (Edict of Caracalla) 

LOW ROMAN EMPIRE

Diocletian

(284-305 AD)

Diocletian’s Proclamation

Capital of the Gallaecia province
(284-286 AD) - Braga (Portugal)

Tetrarchy

Capital of Pannonia Secunda
Sremska Mitrovica (Serbia)

Belgica Prima Province, capital in Trier
Arlon (Belgium)
Refurbishment of the monument to Ucuetis
Alesia (France)

Constantine

(306-337 AD)

Augusta Treverorum, imperial residence during different periods. Orolaunum Vicus benefits from the splendor of citizenship (civitas)
(306- 390 AD) - Arlon (Belgium)
Fortification of Astorga, León and Gijón
Ruta Vía de la Plata (Spain)

Edict of Milan. Freedom of worship

First Council of Nicaea

Founding of Constantinople

Successors of Constantine

(337-476 AD) 

AD Reign of Theodosius
(379-395 AD)

Edict of Thessalonica. Christianity as official religion

Cited as a bishopric
Braga (Portugal)

Augusta Treverorum, imperial residence during different periods. Orolaunum Vicus benefits from the splendor of citizenship (civitas)
(306- 390 AD) - Arlon (Belgium)
Fortification of Astorga, León and Gijón
Ruta Vía de la Plata (Spain)

Division of the Empire

Siege by Alaric I and the Visigoths
Alesia (France)

Capital in Ravenna

AD Gothic War Alaric I
(408-416 AD)

Capital of the Suebi kingdom of Gallæcia
Braga (Portugal)

Suebi invasión of Mérida
Ruta Vía de la Plata (Spain)

Occupation by Huns
Sremska Mitrovica (Serbia)

Mérida, Suebi capital
Ruta Vía de la Plata (Spain)

Battle of the Catalaunian Fields against Attila and the Huns

Sacking by Attila and the Huns
Alesia (France)

Sacking of Rome (Vandals)

Sacking by Theodoric II
Braga (Portugal)

Fall of the Western Roman Empire  

LATE ANTIQUITY

Gothic Wars
(535-554 AD)

Lombard invasion
Aquiliea (Italy)

Destruction by the Avars
Sremska Mitrovica (Serbia)

Visigoth occupation
Braga (Portugal)

Taking of the city by Moors from Mérida
Braga (Portugal)

Destruction by Moors
Braga (Portugal)

Incursions by Alfonso I of Asturias
(753-754 AD) - Braga (Portugal)

Charlemagne, King of the Franks